Athena, often referred to as Pallas Athena, is an ancient Greek goddess of wisdom, handicraft, and warfare, later syncretized with the Roman goddess Minerva. As the patroness of several Greek cities, especially Athens, she is associated with symbols like owls, olive trees, and the Gorgoneion, and is typically depicted wearing a helmet and holding a spear. Athena’s origins link her to Aegean palace worship, and she was revered as both a city protector and a warrior leader. The Parthenon in Athens is one of her most significant temples, and the Panathenaia festival honored her annually. Myths describe her unique birth from Zeus, either directly from his forehead or after he swallowed her pregnant mother, Metis. Athena’s rivalry with Poseidon for Athens’ patronage, where she created the first olive tree, highlights her importance, and she is also known for assisting heroes like Perseus and Heracles, as well as playing a role in the events leading to the Trojan War.